Turkish Journal of Dermatology

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Objective: This study aimed at determining the dermoscopic characteristics of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and comparing these characteristics to the previous results. Materials and Methods: The prospective study included a total of 225 lesions from 69 patients with the ages between 1 and 70 years who were admitted to our dermatology clinic between March 1, 2016, and August 1, 2016, diagnosed with CL using smears of skin lesions, and did not receive any previous antileishmanial treatment. Results: When the lesions were dermoscopically examined for their general characteristics, the most common findings were erythema (100%), teardrop-like structures (59.1%), and hyperkeratosis (53.3%). The most common vascular structures in the lesions were linear vessels (50.2%), dotted vessels (39.6%), and hairpin-like vessels (32.9%). Conclusion: Our data were comparable to those of the previous studies in literature. Although there is no specific dermoscopic feature specific to CL, we presume that dermoscopic findings may contribute to differential diagnosis in the presence of clinically similar cutaneous lesions.

Vitiligo is a chronic acquired disease of pigmentation disorder. Melanocytes damage and hypopigmentation relate to the induction of oxidative and autoimmune disorders. Different previous studies illustrated the possible role of statins in the treatment of different types of vitiligo. Therefore, objective of this study was to elucidate the role of statins in the management of vitiligo. In general, an endeavor of this study article was to present a mini-review regarding the potential therapeutic effect of statins in the therapy of vitiligo. Results of the present study illustrated that statins inhibit the production of interferon gamma, expression of major histocompatibily complex, and T-cells activation in patients with active vitiligo. Statins have significant anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating activates in different modalities of vitiligo. Statins, have a potential effect against oxidative stress through the activation of anti-oxidant capacity and reduction of ROS in human melanocytes by upregulation of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor in the melanocytes. Statins improve melanogenesis in melanocytes though increasing tyrosinase mRNA production and augment the stimulatory effect of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone from the pituitary gland on the melanocytes. Finally, statins therapy may produce significant inhibition of inflammatory reactions through the inhibition of chemokines. In conclusion, this study highlighted the potential role of statins in the treatment of vitiligo either systemic or localized through significant suppressions of oxidative stress, autoimmunity, and inflammatory reactions. Bidirectional effects of statins on oxidative and autoimmunity/inflammatory pathway making it as a novel therapy for vitiligo.

Objective: Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis characterized by the accumulation of amorphous hyaline substance in the skin and mucous membranes. In this study, the histopathological findings of the patients who were admitted to our clinic and diagnosed with LP were examined. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 18 patients who presented to our clinic between January 2014 and December 2018 and were confirmed by histopathological examination. A punch biopsy including epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissues was obtained from the lesional skin of each patient evaluated clinically, and the material was stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain and periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) stain. These preparations were evaluated by a pathologist experienced in dermatopathology. Results: The most common histopathological findings in the epidermis were hyperkeratosis (88.8%) and pigmentary incontinence (83.3%) in the basal layer. The most common histopathological findings in the dermis were amorphous substance accumulation (100%), perivascular PAS positivity (33.3%), and PAS positivity around eccrine glands (11.1%). Conclusion: The findings of our study were similar to the histopathological findings of late-term skin lesions in LP patients previously described in the literature. In order to better understand the histopathological findings of skin lesions of LP patients, studies with a large number of patients including early skin lesions of LP are needed.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) which is peripheral blood originated product contains high concentrated platelet and many growth factors. It has been used in dermatology for many indications, including alopecias and chronic nonhealing wounds. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a chronic autoimmune bullous disease of the skin and mucous membranes. We report a case of PV induced after the treatment of PRP for female pattern hair loss. The first lesions of PV occurred on the application site of PRP in this case. The diagnosis of mucocutaneous PV was established according to the clinical, cytological, and serological findings. Many physical agents and drugs were reported to induce PV. As far as is known, there is no PRP-related PV case in the literature. An in vitro study demonstrated that PRP may trigger the acantholysis in a genetically susceptible patient and may lead to pemphigus. Virtually, there is no enough evidence showing PRP to cause pemphigus. However, PRP treatment should be performed carefully in such patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between telogen effluvium (TE) with the new oxidative stress (OS) indicator of thiol/disulfide balance and to research the role of OS in the pathogenesis of TE. Methods: Our study included 101 patients with TE diagnosis and 39 healthy individuals. Serum thiol/disulfide was measured with a new automated spectrometric method developed by Erel and Neselioglu, and results were compared statistically. Results: Among the six thiol/disulfide parameters, there were statistically significant differences for native thiol, total thiol, disulfide, disulfide/native thiol, disulfide/total thiol, and native thiol/total thiol studied in the patient and control groups (P = 0.042, 0.044, <0.001, 0.013, 0.026, and < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it can be said that OS is closely associated with TE pathogenesis. There is a need for new studies that will show the possible effects of OS on TE pathogenesis and research different OS markers in addition to thiol/disulfide parameters.

Background: Internalized stigma, another aspect of stigma, is the adoption of negative attitudes and stereotypes of the society regarding people's illness. Aims and Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the internalized stigma state of acne vulgaris (AV), vitiligo, and alopecia areata (AA) patients and to identify the factors influencing internalized stigma. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 patients (50 AV, 50 vitiligo, and 50 AA) who applied to the outpatient clinic were consecutively enrolled in this study. The sociodemographic characteristics of the patients were recorded. In addition, patients answered the Internalized Stigma Scale (ISS), the Dermatology Life Quality Index, the Perceived Health Status, the General Health Questionnaire, and the Acne Quality of Life Scale. Results: In this study, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole ISS scale was calculated as 0.91 for AV, 0.91 for vitiligo, and 0.93 for AA. Conclusion: The present study indicates that patients with AV, AA, and vitiligo internalize the negative stereotype judgment of the society for themselves. High levels of internalized stigma in the studied patients presented a parallel trend to the negative quality of life (QoL). Therefore, internalized stigma may be one of the major factors affecting the QoL in these diseases.

Objective: Cosmetic dermatology has recently gained importance with the recent increase in demand. The aim of this study is to identify cosmetic dermatology training in Turkey and to assess instructors' attitudes toward cosmetic dermatology training during residency and current cosmetic dermatology practices. Methods: This is a cross-sectional questionnaire study conducted with instructors to investigate the practice of cosmetics dermatology, the technical equipments, number of patients, and their ideas in the clinics that provide dermatology specialty education in Turkey. Results: At least one cosmetic procedure was found to be performed in 69% of the clinics that participated in the study (n = 55), and no cosmetic procedure was performed in 31% of the clinics. The mean number of application was 13.2 ± 12.3 weekly in the clinics that performed cosmetics procedure. The most common procedures were botulinum toxin injection with 63.6% (n = 35), chemical peeling with 60% (n = 33), and platelet-rich plasma with 60% (n = 33), respectively. The most common laser application was neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (28/55). The mean time spent for cosmetic procedures was 1–5 h weekly in the clinics which performed cosmetic procedures. Seventy-six percent (n = 42) of the participants felt inadequate for performing cosmetics procedures, and 95% (n = 52) reported that cosmetic dermatology education was required. Conclusions: Both theoretical and practical education must be given in educational clinics, and the infrastructure must be created, and the educational schedule must be standardized.

Online since 30^th May 2019